Thermal Expansion & Calorimetry Important points in One Page -
►Temperature scale - Tc /5 = (Tf -32)/5 = (Tk - 273)/5
Reading on any scale - Lower fixed point = Constant for any Function
Upper fix point - Lower fix point
Solid Expansion =
Linear Expansion [ Δl = αlΔT ]
Areal Expansion [ ΔA = βAΔT]
Volume Expansion [ΔV = γVΔT ]
α : β : γ = 1: 2 : 3
► Time period of simple pendulum → ΔT/T = 1/2αΔθ
► Thermal stress in a fixed rod → F/A = VαΔT
Liquid Expansion =
1. Apparent Expansion
2. Real Expansion
►Relation between Yr and Yapp =
Yr = Yapp + Ysolid
Ysalid [Vs = 3x]
►Effect of temp Er = Eb up
(I+ YEAT) (1+YAT)
►Anomalous expansion of water: 0°C → 4°C » contraction 4°C → 100°C expansion
►Specific Heat :- Required heat to raise the temperature by 1C.
► Heat Capacity :- Required heat to change the temperature by unity.
►Latent heat :- Required heat to change in state with constant in temperature. [Q = mL]
Specific Heat of Water :-
C(liq.) = 1 cal/g°C
C(ice) = 0.5 cal/g°C
C(vapour) = 0.48 cal/g°C
Latent Heat of Water :-
L(ice) = 80 cal/gm
L(vapour) = 540 cal/gm
Comment For more material -